Pressure filter



May 24, 1932A.4 s. w, BRIGGS PRESSURE FILTER Filed Deo. 5l. 1950 l N VEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS Patented May 24, 1932 sournwrcx w. snresl'or GLENMONT, IARYLAND rlarassuanl FILTER. y

Application mea December s1, 1930. sei-au No. sortais.'

The present invention relates to pressure filters, particularly of the small compact type adapte especially for use in the lubricatn systems of internal combustion engines, an the like.

In filters of this, type a closed container is employed and a body of filteringI or bleaching material, such as fullers earth, is placed in the container between the inlet and the l0 outlet for the oil., To obtain maximum eiiiciency in a filter of small diameter, it is essential to utilize the entire cross sectional area of the container and the filterin material and also to revent the channel 'ng of the material at t ev innerwall of the container. This latter feature has been attemptedin large structures where filter beds are employed and where the liquid settles throughl the filteringmateri'alby gravity. In such instances the filtering material is surrounded near the top with a material which is more comV act and of finer particles than that of the ltering material, and hence of a different character than that of the same,r This construction reduces the effective cross sectional area of the filter and does not considerably reduce the working cross sectional area in a large filter of the gravity tyfpe, but is a decided disadvantage in a small ter of he pressure type where the filter must be compact, light in weight and treat a relatively large volume of oil. t

It is therefore an object of this invention to prevent lchannelling at the sides of the container and at the same time utilize the entire cross sectional area of the container and iiltering material and insure an even constant flow of the oil under pressure through the filter. v

Another object of the present invention is to provide a small pressure filter wherein the filtering material 1s identical and uniform not only throughout the entire cross sectional area of the container but also kthroughout the entire length of the body of the filtering material to thus insure the even spreading of the oil and the uniform filtering thereof.

. A further object of the invention is to provide a structure wherein a granular filtering material, such as fullers earth, may be emsembled.

ployed and wherein, when the filter is subjected `to vibration incident. to shipping, handling and installation, the filtering material will be held from shifting and abrading against the side of the container and from grinding into a fine powder.

'With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be more fully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto. e v

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or corresponding parts'throughout the several views: v

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in 'section, of a filter constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken through' the upperend thereof substantially on the line 2 2 of Figure 1. v

Figure 3 is a similar view through the lower end of the filter on the line 3 3 of Fi ure 1. t

`igure 4 is 'a side elevation, partly in section, 'of a modified form of filter. Figure 5 isla side elevation, AKRar-'.iil-in sec,- tion, of a further mori' d form o the in- N Figure 6 isa like View withthe parts as- Figure 7 is a top plan View thereof.

` Figure 8 is a fragmentary enlarged section of the filter of Figure 1,v and 'i IFigure, 9 is a detail sectional view of the pipe connection for the filterin bag used in the modified form4 cfg and 6. /l

Referring now to the drawings, and first to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 8, 15 designates a filter casing which may be of metal, is cylindrical in shape` and is closed by top and bottom heads 16 and 17 which may be permanently secured thereon as shown; Oil to be filtered is fed under pressure from an oil pump or the like into the nipple' 18 4mounted through Figures 5l ktop head 16 while an outlet pipe 19 is conmaterial off the filtrate or oil aftertreatment. The well 2O is covered by a screen 21 which is attached to the inner side of the head'17 over the well 20 and which may be of Monel metal filter cloth of two hundred mesh, or otherwise as desired. y

In the top and bottom portions of the casing may be placed small quantities or layers 22 and 23 of wool, gravel or other suitable oil spreading material. Either one or both of these spreading layers 22 and 23 may be omitted.

coating 25 of shellac or vthe like` is placed over the inner wall of' the casing 15 and extends at least throughout the length of the filtering body 24. vThe layer of shellac 25 receives therein the adjacent projectionsfand edges of the granules of the filter clay to anchor the latter from movement relative'v tothe casing Y 15, yandalso to 'partlyclose the spaces betweenk the granules and the wall` of thev casing so. that the same resistance to the passageof the oil is offered nextl to the casing as is encountered throughout the entire cross 'sectional-v area ofthe filtering body 24. r/

In one method of the manufacture of this I yform of the invention,o the inner wall of the `casing lzfmay first-be sprayed with a thin coatingofthe shellac-,and before theshellac @driesjfa smfallqantity of the filtering clay 24.-. may 'be bl'wjno'r (")t-herWisey introduced vinto,y .the casing and the latter.rtatedso'-as'"tof`V spread the clay over the film of'shellac 25. Thus a thin layer ofthe clay adheres tothe inner wall of the container and when the shellac dries becomes lfpractically a part thereof, and when the body :of the filteringjmaterial 24 is placed in the casing it intermeshes withf the adhering layer ofthe same substance.V

The filter thus contructed'is small in jsize and compact and may be installed on thesideL of an internal combustion or onfany other suitable support and is not afl'ectedibyzvibra-'- tion as lthe filtering body 24 is securely-held I from shifting. .The anchoring.-1ayer`25`also protects the filter during shipping andjlha'n-f r(lling.

I `In operation, the oil under pressure enters" into the top of the filter through the nipple 18 and is spread out over the top"'layer 22. The oil-l then is forced downwardlylthrough the filtering body 24 and travels yuniformly and evenly therein throughout the length and ing 39 by t vcross sectional area of the bodv. The filtrate Y leaves the lower end of the filtering body and enters the bottom layer 23 of waste,wool or the like and the oil finally passes through the scre'en 21, well 20 and out throughthe pipe 19. In the modification illustrated in Figure 4, the casing 26 may be of sheet metal with a closed top head 27 and which is openv at its lower'end. A screen 28 is soldered or otherwise secured in the lower open end of the casing 26 and is spaced above the lower edge of the casing-to provide a space 29 beneath the screen. A bottom plate 30 abuts the lower edge of the casing 26 with a sealing gasket 31 therebetween and the plate has a marginal so upstanding fiange 32 engaging about the lower end of the casing. p

The bottom plate 30 has a central well 33 connected to an outlet pipe 34, and a Monel lmetal screen 35 covers the well. A: bail 36 85 is hinged to the oppositesides of the." flange 32 and extends pover'the top of the fcasfngf and a' set screw 37 is ycarried by the bail and 'binds against the top'head 27 of the'jcasing vto firmly seat the latter on the bottom plate 9'0 30. `The top head 27 carries a nipple 38`forreceiving the oil under pressure. Y The casing 26 carries the filtering body 2'4 in the manner heretofore described, and may be substituted-or .interchanged by releasing g5 the bail 36 and swinging it to onesideto l free the casing. v 4Another vmodification of the invention is shown in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 9. Thel casingr 39 has a closed bottom 40 with a central well loo vmovably held in placeby bolts or'the'like. 105' The casing`39 .carries a body of filtering or bleaching clay 4,24e-.asin theforms-.ofthe :1 invention above described and*which-"is anchored in place Vagainst` the w'allffof the cas e adhesive coating 25, but the ad- 110 hesiv'e coating instead ofjbeing spaced or otherwise placed directly 'against the inner 'wall of the casing 39 vis impregnated 'afle'xf ibleypreferably, fabric,` sack or container-46` of suitable dimensions to snuglyrfit in-the cas= 1315 ing 39. The container 46 may be v iIitrodfulced,-- L .Y

throu/gh the top'of the casing 39andb with-x.` 4

drawn therefrom to provide.r an -interliangevable filter unit. Y i f' iy Theadhesive coating 25 of this4 formof the 1,20

invention may comprise shellac including a l certain proportion of'resinso as to maintain. ,the adhesive coating somewhat yieldable-and ,l

Y flexible to closely confornrtoand intert'with the inner wall of the.casing-39 rforr sealing 1.25

the coating 25thereagainst and thus effective.- n ly prevent channelling at the innerJvall of i the casing about the body vof filtering'ma'te- V rial 24.

The container 46, las 'shown in ignref 6, ,y1-30 s is adapted to rest at its lower endfupon the bottom 40 of the casing'39 and the upper end of the container 46 has its mouth or open end drawn together over the body 24 of filtering material and gathered about a threaded nipple 47 and secured in such position by a Wire 48 or the like as shown in-lFiguref9, vthe nipple 47 having an enlarged head 49 at'its lower inner end adapted to support the gathered-in mouth of the containervor bag and thus effectively hold the nipple therein. The nipple carries a threaded nut 50 immediately above the mouth of the container and in the container, and an anchoring layer embedded in the wall of the container for eni the nut 50 is adapted to engage against the inner side of the cover plate 44 while a second nut 51 is threaded on the outer end of the nipple 47 and bears against the upper side ofthe plate 44 for holding the upper end of the bag in proper position and for securing y the nipple 47 through the top plate. The

nipple 47 provides an intake pipe into which oil under pressure may be introduced to the top ofthe filter.

The operation of tlie filter is identicalV as above described as the container 46 merely serves as a means for holding the body portion 24 of filtering Iclay together as a unit to facilitate the introduction andremoval theregagement with the body of filtering material and with the inner Wall of said casing.

4. A filter comprising a casing open at its top and provided with an outlet Well at its bottom, a container removably fitting in the casing, a body of filtering material in the container,' a yieldable adhesive coating permeating the side Wallsof the container andanchoring the outer particles of the body of filtering material and ,sealing the same against the inner wall of the casing, an inlet nipple connected to the upper end ofthe container, and a cover plate securedto the casing and having an opening tnerethrough for receiving said inlet nipple.

5; In the method of manufacturing a filter, placing a thin coating of adhesive on the inner wall of a filter casing, placing a thin e5 layer-of a 'filtering material over the coating of adhesive and allowing the adhesive to set \f orv anchoring the coatin of filtering matespraying of in the assembling and interchange ofthe filtering uniti;

It is obvious that various changesand .y modifications may be made in the details of construction and design of the abo ve speci v fically described embodiment of this invention Without departingfrom the spirit thereof, such changes and modifications being restricted only by the scope of the following R claims.

. What is claimed is 'z- 10 1. Aiilter comprisinga casi g, a cdating of shellac' on theinner w l of the casing, a

body of filtering clay in the ca ing and having its outer portion partiall embedded and anchored against relative shiftingat the inner Wall of the casing.,

rial .ontlie inner Wall of ie casing, and subsequently filling the casino with a body of the filtering material.

. 6 In the method of man facturing'a filter, t\he inner wall of a container with shellac, placing a quantity of a filtering material in the casing and rolling the latter to evenly distribute a layer of filtering material ver-the coating of shellac, and subsequently placing a body of the filtering inaterial in the casing for intermeshing engagement with the layerof filtering material an'- 100 chored in the shellac.

2. A filter comprising a closed casing having an inlet at its top and an outlet at its bottom with a well surrounding the outlet, screen cloth mounted in the asin under said Well, layers of spreading material disposed in the top and bottom portions of the casing, an intermediate body of filtering material between said spreading layers, and a coating \of shellac on the inner Wall of the casing for engaging the outer portion of the body of filtering material to anchor the same and hold the particles of the filtering material against separation and displacement incident to vibration and therethrough.

3. A filter comprising a casing open at one end, a closure plate for said end of the casing, a container removably fitting in the casing and having a nipple 65 the cover plate, a body o projecting through filtering material passage of oil under pressure` 7. .In the method of manufacturing a filter, placing a coating of an adhesive on the inner Wall) of a filter casing, then placing a body gf filtering material in the casing against aid coating and permitting the coating to dry, and seal the filteringy material against the inner Wall of the casing. f f

8. The'method of treating a body of filtering material for. use in a filtering casing, l which consists in shaping the bodyof filter- Y inggmaterial to conform to a filter casing, and, placing-a lion-porous sealing coatin about-V @he shaped body of filtering materia c 9. A pressure oil filter, comprising a casing, a body of filtering material in the cas-v ing, and an adhesive coating impervious tol the liquid being filtered disposed vbetween the inner Wall of the casing and the body of lter-v ing material,'the outer portion of the body of 120 filtering material being partly embedded in said adhesive coating.

In testimbny whereof I ax my signature.

SOITHWICK W. BRIGGS. 

